Understanding the Nepali Calendar System

Historical Background

The Bikram Sambat calendar was established by Emperor Vikramaditya of India and was later adopted as Nepal's official calendar. The calendar began in 57 BCE in the Gregorian calendar, which is why it is ahead by about 56-57 years.

• Established in 57 BCE
• Named after Emperor Vikramaditya
• Adopted as Nepal's official calendar
• Used in government, education, and daily life

Calendar Structure

The Nepali calendar follows a unique structure that aligns with both astronomical events and cultural significance. Each month is carefully calculated based on solar movements, making it a solar calendar system.

Nepali Months

1. Baisakh (बैशाख) - Mid-April to Mid-May
2. Jestha (जेठ) - Mid-May to Mid-June
3. Ashadh (असार) - Mid-June to Mid-July
4. Shrawan (श्रावण) - Mid-July to Mid-August
5. Bhadra (भदौ) - Mid-August to Mid-September
6. Ashwin (असोज) - Mid-September to Mid-October
7. Kartik (कार्तिक) - Mid-October to Mid-November
8. Mangsir (मंसिर) - Mid-November to Mid-December
9. Poush (पुष) - Mid-December to Mid-January
10. Magh (माघ) - Mid-January to Mid-February
11. Falgun (फाल्गुन) - Mid-February to Mid-March
12. Chaitra (चैत) - Mid-March to Mid-April

Cultural Significance

The Nepali calendar is deeply integrated into Nepal's cultural and religious fabric. It determines the timing of festivals, religious ceremonies, and important cultural events.